Most people tend to view Only Fans as nothing more than a regular porn site, with the exception that it can generate the amount of money for its account holders.
Actually, OnlyFans is just a platform where we can create and follow others such as Facebook, YouTube, or Instagram that allows creators to make anything they want to create or share about themselves. There is also no censorship. At this point, a lot of people use this function to present and create sexual content since it is not available on a common platform. Despite the fact that there is diverse content, outsiders normalise Only Fans as a porn site because of the lack of promotion and presentation that is supposed to be done by the website.
To do that, we must find data from look-alike customers to expand the target audience. We will mainly focus on improving only fans’ brand image in Thailand. After we have enough information, we would run ads that include non 18+ contents to change people’s perspective toward Only Fans. For example, we would invite Thai celebrities or influencers to be a presenter, and to share their content for fans exclusively only on this platform such as Flukkaron, TichaChuma, Zani, Oat Pramote, or Fah Sarika. They are the celebrities and influencers who explore their sex life, which does not imply that they must present their sexual content, but it does mean that they will not be biased towards the website and will try to present another perspective of Only fans in order to change people’s perceptions. Their content may gain more value, and more fans may engage more on the Onlyfans platform.
Nipaporn Thititanakarn (Zani)
Pramote Pathan (Oat)
Kanticha Chumma (Ticha)
Sarika Sathsilpsupa (Fah)
Annop Saengosod (Fluk)
Not only in terms of famous celebrity or influencer, those who are new in this career will also have a chance to grow as a content creator. Only fans might use this opportunity to collaborate with companies and organisations such as artist management companies or tutor institutions to let their employees spread their own contents.
We also notice that only fans have problems in terms of privacy. Though the company claims that only those who paid for exclusive content will be the only group that have accessibility to that content, there are still people who screenshot or screen recording and spread it to the public. In order to avoid this kind of issue from happening again, we think that the company should hire professionals and learn from ‘Netflix’ about their privacy function.
Netflix’s Screenshot Privacy Function
The company could initiate a digital campaign for promoting other contents rather than the sexual contents. Our plan is to provide a 1-month free trial for users to access any content. This free accessibility and the series form of contents would encourage users’ interest to be a customer by continually subscribing the video contents in the future. It is a process of changing potential customers to our real customers.
“Third year was not easy for me, you have to manage your schedules productively for complete all works. It is a year full of responsibilities”
a senior in the faculty of Journalism and Mass Communication (BJM)
As the year of being junior has arrived, It is undeniable for me to say that all of the assignments were overloaded from various subjects, especially from the subject of JM 310 Editorial and Article Writing. The course is instructed the writing skill to be more creative and illustrative, corresponding to the descriptive name of ‘editorial’ and ‘article writing, than the last previous classes of ‘research report’. I struggled at first writing in a different manner of creative writing that I am not familiar with. But after a few works, the instinct of writing has derived from me. Not only the academic part that I had known, but I gained some friends that I have never talked to in three years. We work together and share teamwork efforts to our same project achievement goal.
There is also a well-known quote from an American author John C. Maxwell, “Teamwork makes dream work”, that can overall describe the experience that I have learned so far. At first, the worries had descended after I knew there would be an assigned group for everyone, as I see myself as an introverted person with unfamiliar people. It was difficult for me to work with someone I barely talked along with doing a project that required loads of responsibility. Luckily, we found a way to let everybody in the team take part in different roles, in which all members remarkably follow their chosen tasks. Line group is the main means for dividing roles for each member, along with several face-to-face meetings after classes. To be honest, the lecturer of this course Ajarn Bruce Avasadanon is the person who gave an impulse to a lot of students by his datelines and comments to do work. In which, the comments which he provided were truly effective for our assignments. For example, the follow-up presentation that every group needs to do weekly keeps the process to be running, which the received comments from the lecturer can be used to improve the quality of work even more.
“Teamwork makes dream work”
John C. Maxwell
I would say to the people who are interested in this course that it is a course of practical sessions, rather than theory classes. The assigned works offered me great opportunities both in classes and in the real field of journalists. Since our group did a topic of comparing censorship and freedom of expression between Thailand and Singapore, our interviewees that we selected were journalists and citizens in the two countries. For the interviewee part, our group was honored for being invited to the Foreign Correspondents’ Club of Thailand to interview a correspondent from CNA news Khun Saksith Saiyasombut. It was a whole incredible new experience that inspired our group from visiting his office to succeed in our article in the most paid effort manner.
I attained the skill of writing formal emails and coping with various online platforms to contact interviewees and our lecturers in the period of Covid-19. To avoid the infection, there are lots of complex procedures that we need to follow from the first day of learning. It was strict and strange to do at first, the masks and social distancing protocol. But, I cannot disagree with that method since the reasons that the lecturer provided, all the polls and charts that had been given in Haiku learning site.
After this semester’s classes, new knowledge and skills have been given to me as a student of the subject JM 310 Editorial and Article Writing. Even there were tiring days that I felt reluctant to finish the assigned work, but in the end, I think it is worth the blood, sweat, and tears that I have devoted. I change myself to become more solid in deadlines and work priorities. And at last, I would give credit to myself for not giving up, my team members who always cooperate and cheer up each other, and lastly to my lecturer Ajarn Bruce Avasadanon for advising many new techniques to improve our writing and develop ourselves. I am grateful to be one of Ajarn Bruce’s students in the subject of Editorial and Article Writing.
The ‘Political Awakening’ that became the turning point of film students who become a full-time Singapore political journalist today.
It was accidental how Kirsten Han, a Film graduate student who was planning to work in the drama fields has altered her career path and become a political journalist. It all begins when she first decided to work for one documentary company in Singapore. “At that time my documentary company was producing a documentary film for one news media outlet so while working there, it was a very interesting experience” Since then she began to write a blog about Singapore.
“I will call that time as my Political Awakening ”
Kirsten Han, Singapore Freelance Reporter
The more she wrote blogs about her own country, the more she became informed. And this is where she is enchanted by the charms of Journalism. Finally, she decides to leave her documentary company and enroll for a master’s degree in journalism, and that is where her journalist journey begins.
Until here, people may raise the question about“ What about Singapore that makes her change her mind”
The little island, Singapore, has countless tourist sites from the futuristic garden to the well-known structures; Marina Bay Skyscraper. With only 18-square-miles, there are various prominent attributes enhancing the country’s prosperity. Despite those attractions, the country is also the largest SouthEast Asia port city and world’s great financial hub, from the IMD World Competitiveness Ranking 2020. People from various countries come to visit here as both tourists and the job-seeker, influence Singapore to consist of multi-nationalities and beliefs.
The pathway to become a prosperous country in Southeast Asia has not been an effortless procedure. Singapore became an independent country for less than 60 years, since 1965, from being a colonized country under the British Empire. With the improvement of skilled workers, foreign investments, production and export commodities, the island economy has arised and attracted many immigrant workers to its country. Along with their governance, the country has divided the system to three branches : the President – the legislative, Primeminister- the executive, and the judiciary. The prime Minister is the head of government and the president is the head of state, sources from the Parliament of Singapore. Anyhow, besides all of the positive image of the country, there are more extra stories that Kirsten Han had experienced during her journalist life.
Life as a Journalist in Singapore
“Press freedom and good governance are not mutually exclusive. They support each other while promoting a country’s economic and human development”, based on UNESCO 2015 development agenda. Freedom of speech is considered to be one of the most fundamental pillars of society that journalism should be the society’s watchdog to monitor what happens around society, and the function of government.
Kirsten Han, Singapore freelance journalist, who working for international news outlet like The Washington Post, shared her beginning of journalist path that it all begins with the situation in her own country
“Self- censorship is very common in Singapore, I feel like there are certain things that need to be settled and certain question need to be asked, and there are not enough people are asking about it”
She begins to study the political situation in her own country while she begins to write the blog about all social and political movements in her country.
Aside from Reporters Without Borders, which is the organization that monitors the situation of freedom of press around the world, Singapore was ranked 158 in the 2020 World Press Freedom Index, which has been declining from last year that they were ranked on 151. Since Singapore has its very unique way to exercise their power to curtail the freedom of speech, yet still avoided doing it directly, therefore this model is called the Calibrated Coercion model.
“ If your working in the local media, the government can called to shout at your editor, and your editor will shouted at you”
Kirsten Han
Aside from Kirsten Han, the Singapore political journalist has stated that Singapore has its own alternative way, with this model the Government will use indirect ways to pressure journalists or media that tries to critique or goes against government policies. The government adopted this model in order to maintain their good image in the perspective of the international stage. For instance, rather than use their power through legislation process directly, they will select the editor of each media outlet to monitor the content before it is published, and the government will select the editor that they can trust as their content monitor. Aside from all of the above is the reason why Singapore local media outlets or Singapore mainstream media will be more restrictive than foreign media outlets.
However, the Singapore Government also tries to extend their power to control foreign news organizations that report stories about Singapore by sending letters to particular news media outlets asking for cooperation to take down those sensitive articles. “Maybe they could try to call my boss in the United States or United Kingdom but that’s not really work because these people won’t listen to them like editor’s here did,” said Kirsten. Another alternative way for the government to handle with foreign journalists is, they will not permit visa retention for foreign journalists who have reported some topic that may go against the line.
For Kirsten han, the situation was also different “I understand why lots of people may choose the self-censor, but I feel like I’m in a situation that is a little bit special”, since she is a freelance journalist who works for foreign news organization, therefore it is more complicated.
“ I’m a freelance and I don’t have a local boss that they could shouted at”
Kirsten Han, Singapore Freelance Reporter
Kirsten does not need visa permission to live in her own country, she is a citizen and she does not need to work under the pressure of Editors that were selected by the government. Therefore Kirsten has a higher level of freedom of speech compared to other local journalists.
A Novel Tool Against Freedom of Speech
As the recent trend of technology disruption, online platforms has been used virally in recent years. Singapore, the technical hub, also followed the new way to communicate the users thoughts without any boundary to limit. But with the perks of using digital means, there was also a downturn for the freedom of expression online.
In the early of last year, there was a law enacted to limit specific expression online which was called the Protection from Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Act, or “POFMA”. The measure seeks to prevent the falsehoods, such as false statements or misleading information, spreading via the uncontrolled online space. But to what extent would the law cover it, the law includes all statements of communication from one user to other users through internet or social media platforms, including the SMS and MMS under section 3 of the POFMA. Even more, private group chat and social media groups are being regulated for blocking falsehoods, said Senior Minister of State for Law Edwin Tong.
There are people who agree with the regulations, while somes are reluctant to say it is all acceptable. Kirsten Han exposed another side of the law “It gives the government a huge amount of power to decide what is true or false”. As the government being the manipulator for telling which act is correct, the access of information is limited. The false criticism and the opinion of people online were subjected to disappear from the system. Even so, the term ‘falsehood’ is subjective for a person to know whether the information is misleading or not true. Singaporean, especially journalists, are hardly able to differentiate the correctness of data. Thus, the difficulties of accessibility and publication seem to be prominent issues for the journalist field.
“ It is hard for journalists to operate, if you don’t get government confirmation, it would get in the riskier area, ”
said Han.
Kirsten Han stated that the law was heavily used since the day of activating POFMA law, October last year, to the recent election period. The Progress Singapore Party (PSP) had severely implemented the law for the sake of it for election, nevertheless, it did not seem to hurt the opposition parties that much. They used it against only a few opposed politicians that had good performance. But, the law did not seem to be highly effective since those politicians were doing well considering their past records.
The use of this law faded after the election, even though there are no guarantees that the fake news had stopped spreading. Kirsten was curious about the disappearance, as she had not much information in her hand “But the law is still there, people still think about it. And as a journalist, I definitely still think about it”, Kirsten affirmed, “It gives the government a huge amount of power to control the freedom of expression”.
It is true that the limitation of specific information blocked some contents, as the influential power of government, but there are other areas of facts that can be exposed. Kirsten also believes that POFMA law would not limit the amount of information that could be accessed during the election phase. She said that before the election, all of the political parties exercised their election process via online in the mid of Covid-19 period. In which, Singaporean can access many media sources directly to the information, especially social media.
In the early of May 2020, academic Thum Ping Tjin posted a video entitled “The Show with PJ Thum – Ep 8 – How bad laws are created and abused in Singapore (A POFMA case study)” on his webpage. He included the content of criticizing the government and that the Law and Home Affairs Minister, K Shanmugam, seemed to be false and misleading. There must be some regulations toward this. But, which laws would the officials use to deal with.
Freedom of Speech and Censorship in the Perspectives of Singaporean
After investigating Freedom of Speech and Censorship in the perspective of the journalist. On the other hand there is another party who is directly related to this topic ‘the Singaporean’. It is such an honor to have a chance to interview one of the Singapore citizens who is the Student of Singapore Management University, She express the situation that as a citizen, She also admitted that her country has a high level of censorship, yet as the citizen she feels that it is free for her to expressed her opinions, if it is not about political issue.
“In terms of freedom of Speech, we feel free to speak up as long as it does not cross the line like political point of view or too high criticism of certain political issues. Definitely it is the presence of censorship here, censorship level here is pretty high, in terms of news it fully or mostly regulated here”
Crystal Teo, Singapore Management University student
She even provided more detail about ‘sensitive topics’ in Singapore, there is no such a certain sensitive topic or a concrete regulation that limits you from mentioning it, as long as it did not go against the laws. In Crystal’s perspective, she did not consider Censorship or other regulation about expression as a vehicle for the Government to limit citizen’s rights. Since she believes that Singapore still open up for citizen feedbacks as long as everybody discussed in the right manners, “ You have to phrase it in very professional manners and not for targeting someone, you need to know how to phrase the way you talk about thing, you need to discuss it politically right”
As she explained earlier, when it comes to news outlets, the situation becomes more complicated. Since all news media’s editors were appointed by the government, every news outlet will represent and report incidents all in a similar direction. Singapore press holding is one of the factors that indicate censorship in this country“ We have big political parties sit at the board of governance at the press holding” The political stands that various among the political spectrum did not exist in Singapore media as if in a Free media country. To elucidate, Crystal said “There are various news outlets that work in different forte but it never goes against one another or against the government”.
Another incident that pushed her to acknowledge the censorship in her country, is few years ago during her research, when she tries to find the information “ I try to search up things that against the government or not quite politically right, it quite hard to find it on our internet”
Even though she agrees that there is an information limitation in her country, the information was still sufficient for her. In her point of view, as a student all the information that she has accessed so far was enough in order to finish her degrees or to keep her acknowledged. To put in the nutshell, all information accessibility for Singapore Citizens was more than enough, in consideration of it did not go against Government policy. Thus far, she satisfied with her nation current situation of Freedom of Speech, she said “It is sufficient”
Lastly, Crystal suggests that it is the right decision for the government to control freedom of media, since Singapore is the multiracial country. As Cited from Strategy Group Singapore, more than 75.9 percent of Singaporeans are Chinese, followed by Malays that become 15 percent of the whole population and lastly seven point five percent of the population were Indian. Singapore is known as the melting pot for a country that combined diverse ethnolinguistic composition, from the consequence of immigration in the past decades. In which, the mixed ethnics hold their different beliefs of national religions, which the majorities are Buddhism, Islamic and Christianity in the shared melting pot.
Therefore issues that will be discussed in the public sphere, become more sensitive. All of the laws, regulation about censorship, were designed to let distinct ethnic groups respect one another. As she stated “They were controlling the issues that were necessary to be controlled, or essential in Singapore. Especially because we are racial harmony country, we have so many ethnicities and so many religions and races in our nation , the failure to control such comments about such issues will result in unforeseeable consequences. I feel like it is the right for the government to control, in order to show the peace and harmony of the nation”. Besides that it is understandable in the perspective of citizens, for the government to have a certain level of control over the media.
Within the discussion about censorship and freedom of speech, it is inevitable to bring up the situation that has occurred in Thailand. Even if Thailand is a parliamentary democratic country. However, the situation within the country was more complicated than other democratic countries. One of the issues that is inertly considered as the dilemma in Thai society is Freedom of Speech and Censorship. In this country there are several topics that should not be mentioned in order to prevent the security of national security and to keep national fabric in harmony. Notwithstanding, both Singapore and Thailand are Democratic countries and have the issue about the critical level of Censorship and limitation of Freedom of speech, it still has some distinction between both nations.
When it comes to Thailand, there are various sensitive topics where Thai citizens are not able to discuss or mention in public, including the offence or insult relating to officials, judicial officials, religion, and Royal members which can be considered as the strictest among all. In addition, it is suitable for the word ‘censorship’ since related Thai laws support such actions and go against freedom of speech. The constitution of Thailand section 45 to 48 states about Freedom of Expression of Individuals and the Press who shall enjoy the liberty to express his opinion, publicise, and make expression.
However, even though freedom of speech and expression are written in the constitution, there are still various laws that are used to limit those citizens’ rights. Focusing on the forbiddance of when expressing regarding the monarchy, section 112, the government claims that this lese-majeste law is necessary in order to protect the monarchy. Since there is no clear definition in terms of insulting the monarchy, it gives the authorities ways to interpret the law in a broad way. Another section in criminal law is section 116, Instigator to violate the Constitution. Its aim is to limit the expression that would cause disturbance in national security by expressing opinions to bring about the change in the laws. The last criminal law that is strongly related to Thailand censorship is Defamation by Publication in section 326. The criminal libel laws can be possibly used as tools to limit activists, journalists or those who criticize relating to sensitive topics as well.
As in the digital era where people communicate and receive information through online platforms, the Computer Crime Act is essential in order to reduce and abolish cyber crimes. However, it is possible to be used in other intentions. It gives authorities to exercise their power and is likely to increase censorship against people who express opinions against a variety of sensitive topics. Hence, the Computer Crime Act is an ‘obstacle’ for journalists since news organizations publish a lot of online content nowadays. A CNA’s Thailand correspondent Saksith Saiyasombut said that “It would fall under the Computer Crime Act if somebody sees something wrong with that.” He added “Anybody can charge us under that law because of an opinion or something that we say”
Freedom of Press, a familiar word that always circulates in society, is crucial for the journalistic field. The word is described as the right to report news or circulate opinion without censorship from the government. However, with the censorship, reporters and journalists cannot achieve their goals of reporting all truths.
Cited from the Reporters without borders (RSF), an international organization advocating for press freedom worldwide, has ranked Thai Press Freedom as the 140th from the total 180 countries this year. Thailand had been placed in a tailed-rank for many years, sorely this year descending from 136th. The reason for being in the lower rank can be seen as the recent stringent policies for specific issues, such as the action that offend institutions. Paris Jitpentom, a video journalist from BBC Thai Service, exposed that from six years of the coup d’etat, “Censorship in Thailand has definitely not improved since there still has the behavior of the government to deprive freedom of press. But, to question whether the situation has worsened, it is hard to know, there are no criterias to measure.”
Panusaya Sithijirawattanakul. Digital image. The demonstration at Thammasat proposes monarchy reform. 11 August 2020, https://prachatai.com/english/node/8709
Paris Jitpentom, The Video Journalist from BBC Thai Service, was also in the recent Youth led demonstration. Thai uprising demand for reforming constitutions and the monarchy system, which he faced with unconscious chilling effect. As the demand included the issue of institutions, the Lese Majeste law was the big concern for people, especially journalists.
“Self censorship has been the topic to discuss in recent times since tenth October, when the Thammasat uprising was set up. During the request of 10 demands, by the mainstay of the protestors, I turned to ask my editor whether his report could include this information for the first time stating 10 demands in public.”, stated Jitpentom. His team was hesitant and ambivalent to the decision on the publication of such information, considering after Thai laws and regulation. However, his organization met the final decision that they would publish the general information, which later included the details of 10 demands. He clarified that “The circumstance was not called self-censorship, only a shock phenomenon on the hesitance of publishing the information. We are not trying to self censor ourselves, but we follow the ethics of our news organization : the freedom of press.”
Another field journalist for the similar students rally is Saksith Saiyasombut, Thai correspondent for CNA news. He said that self-censorship, especially monarchy, is needed to be considered if we are living in Thailand. When the protest was moved to the German embassy, many local journalists were limited to report only what happened in protest, but not exactly why the protestors were at the German embassy. While, he said on-air why they are here protesting for the reason that the King resided in Germany, as his organization has a high ceiling of censorship, similar to Paris Jitpentom. Saiyasombut, nevertheless, also has big concern for reporting on-air. He emphasized that balancing the information that can say or not say is very important, “I believe that as a news organization that is not based in Thailand. They have the freedom of saying things that they want, but they have to take precautions about the local stuff here in Thailand as well.”
Paris Jitpentom, a video journalist from BBC Thai Service, has stated that sometimes when the journalist did not report about some topic, it was because of the limitation of information accessibility in that certain topic. As a journalist, fact checking is one of the most necessary fundamentals in their code of conduct. In other words, whatever is represented in the public sphere, should be first verified with the primary source, and when the information accessibility is limited, it becomes more difficult to get the official statement. Therefore at the end of the day, when the information could not be verified the journalist automatically did not report about those topics. For instance all the rumors about the Monarch institution, “ We have been contacted and filled in lots of document works, to reach out for statements from the royal palace bureau, but they never contacted back or launched any official statement, and we can not report something that was not verified”.
Factors underlying the Censorship
Media organizations as public companies need to consider not only ways to provide information to society but also the profit for the company. Therefore shareholders or ‘sponsorships’ are essential in terms of financial. Journalists need to make sure that what they publish is not against the agenda of the company’s sponsorship or supported-authorities. “That could be a direct or indirect intervention from authorities”, Kamolwat Praprutitum stated, “It could be a suggestion you need to follow or you face consequences,”
A vital role of mass media is to solve social conflicts or produce the benefit to citizens when it comes to providing information. Paris Jitpentom said that “However, we have to consider whether the media are really willing to do that or not ” At this point, maybe the problem might occur from the sponsorship. They may take an interest in ratings or profits too much. Since money is one of the main factors keeping a company alive, it is undeniable that journalists need to think carefully before disseminating anything that would bring about trouble to the company. At the same time, what people should be perceived is still a crucial factor that should not be overlooked. “If the company only focused on the profit, benefits would not truly fall into citizens but go to sponsors or upholders instead,” Jitpentom said.
Beside the factors of legislation and factors of financial support, censorship has been brought up for the sake of hate speech prevention. From time to time it has been used with vulgar language to avoid the hate speech, for instance the case of Youth-led demonstration that Paris Jitpentom, Video Journalist from BBC Thai Service has shared his on-field experience,‘ I here Too’ it is the word phrase that have been chanted by the crowd during the demonstration at Ratchaprasong intersection, “We need to censored it, since there were a chance that if this sentences has been reported it could lead to malintention interpretation that could considered as ‘Hate Speech’ at the end” .
Sometimes the reason behind the censorship was the prevention of chaos that would come after. Furthermore, it is another way to protect the source or the speakers as the CNA correspondent has shared. In Thailand’s current situation, the youth-led protest, when most of the protester are juvenile it is very risky for them to reveal their identification like their face. The youth has the courage to come out, but it is also their rights to be protected, since something that they have stated is obviously going to get them into trouble.
What Thailand and Singapore both share
Singapore and Thailand both consisted of censorship for sensitive topics such as races, religion, and especially the authorities. As Kirsten Han Singaporean freelance journalist statement, “The most sensitive things that you have to be careful about, topic of race and religion, and also anything that approaches the possibility of suggesting that maybe the government is not honest, that maybe there’s corruption, maybe any suggestion that the court is not independent.”, has some aspects that are similar to the sensitivities to Thailand. In Thailand, the most obvious and crucial one sensitive topic is the institutions, as the CNA Thai correspondent exposed that “ a few things (that he experienced to censor himself). There are all related to the monarchy. There have been a few cases that I know more, but I didn’t tell the details since it is not essential to the story.” To shed lights on, the most sensitive topic for both countries is involved with the expression toward authorities. As the different systems of exercising the power of the country, each country has its distinct authorities to concern. Thailand would focus on the monarchy, as Singapore avoided not criticising the government. Still, citizens of the two countries are reluctant with censorship, especially the journalists.
From the rank of freedom of press, 2020 World Press Index, Reporters without border showed the position of Singapore being in the rank 159th, lower than Thailand whose place is at 140th. Despite the fact that Singapore is one of the prosperous countries in Asia, its domestic politics can be more disciplined than Thailand. The Calibrated Coercion model was used by the Singapore government to indirectly control the press by pressuring journalists and the media for keeping the positive image, as mentioned earlier. The indirect use of power can be seen from the government selecting each media outlet’s editors that need to screen and monitor the content of publication, creating the circulation of one-direction information. The method of Calibrated Coercion model has increased the toughness censorship. Citizens are naturally implanted with it, as Kirsten Han said “ It becomes so second nature that you don’t actually need to be politically aware, but just in your upbringing, you kind of know that there are certain things you should be careful about.”.
As similar to Thailand, criticising the topic of institutions is untouchable since there is the Les mesjate law prohibiting citizens. However, the freedom of press in Thailand, if not breaking the laws, is more provided to the media outlets. There are no models to control as Singapore and the scrutinized report of the politicians can be published to the public. But, there are other factors that can influence the distorted information to publish, such as the bias of the investors in media outlets. “ But as last, Whom is the owner of Thai media outlets, Who is the investors of those organizations, it can be seen from the press holding which affects the freedom of press to deliver the well-rounded information.”, said Paris Jitpentom, Thailand needs the media outlets that publicly represent a certain issue.
Aside from the sensitive topics, the laws which are activated via online platforms are enacted in both countries. The Computer Crime act, an act to control specific contents and data through the computer system, has almost the same aim to the POFMA law in Singapore. Since POFMA law has its objective to erase the falsehoods of information, especially opinions, both laws seem to be the limitation of freedom of expression. “ Computer Crime act is an obstacle to us and it is an obstacle that used against us”, Saksith Saiyasombut included, “it is also go against the freedom of speech”
Therefore, Thailand and Singapore are both in the situation of reluctance to deliver some thoughts. The shared similarity of the content that is suppressed includes the criticism of the ruling class. As Crystal Teo, a student in Singapore, stated that they can express their political opinions, but it has to be in the right manner and not attack the politicians. By all means, Thai correspondent also clarified the situation of being limited to criticize a certain thing can be called censorship, “The fear would lead to censorship”, Saksith stated, “If you act against my freedom to exercise my word, that’s censorship.”
As a democratic country, the discussion within society and freedom of speech are crucial and all journalists no matter in Thailand or Singapore realized that part.
Kirsten Han, the Singapore political journalist said “Singapore does not subscribe to that belief, they think that the media is not elected so they don’t have the power to watch the elected people” even her government did not believe in the power of Free media but she does, she beliefs that it was not only her who eager for better check and balance in society, but all Singaporean are. Kirsten realized how Free media plays a crucial role in democratic society “Free media is the important part of how democracy has access to information and being able to ask the question that should be asked, hold the powerful people to be accounted”. She believes that there should be a free discussion and monitoring within the society that defines themselves as democracy, “Democracy can’t just be voting for every five years and not having a voice for the rest of it and the media is the crucial part.”
Not only for Singapore journalists but Thai journalists also share the same perspective. As stated by Bangkok Post Editor assistant, Kamolwat Praprutitum said Journalist duties was to report facts to society, to give them enough information, when it comes to the time that they need to make decisions. People will make the right decision for themselves and society as a whole when they were acknowledge with enough information to support them in the decision making process, therefore, he hope that one day the situation about freedom of speech in Thailand will be better, the censorship level will be less critical to allow people to access to more facts, that all will be part of the drives that could bring about the nation’s prosperity within one day.
“What I see is we need as much freedom as we possibly can. It will make our job a lot easier and will be the great service to the people because we report a lot of information and that will be great for the country if you can make informed choices. Finally, the country will go forward because we are dealing with the right sources. We want information as much as we possibly can. We want to take that freedom as further as we can but there are other battles that we have to do that we keep on fighting.” said Kamolwat. Once and for all, it still a long Journey to have a better Freedom of speech, it requires law amendment to change some law to open the gate, even though other may said that he is dreaming in the lavender field, but no, he will still expecting for a better freedom of speech for a better society, for a better tomorrow.
Nowadays, people are consuming plastic bottles and container more and more overtime. Nevertheless, there are many campaign for reduction consumption of plastic since there are high amount of drawbacks. To clarify, many lives are affected by the waste of plastic bottle including marine life. According to the current issue, plastic pollution affects at least 700 marine species, while some estimates suggest that at least 100 million marine mammals are being killed each year from this plastic pollution.
To start off, we need to change our behaviour of using daily container first because everything is needed to start by ourself before persuade others. In this term, I change the habit of holding many single-used plastic water containers to prepare a sustainable water bottle instead.
: Starbuck :
I found an interesting campaign on Instagram ‘until zero’ campaign. The aim of this page is to raise awareness and persuade others to not consume the harm single-used plastic container. Furthermore, this page has the challenge #ichoose2019 for instagrammers to post ig story for winning rewards from the page.
: Until Zero Page on Instagram :
In my opinion, the page encourage people to be a part and grab well attention from other users on instagram. This is because of the various colours infographic. This information technique does not scare people through a long boring text, but it catch audience notice instead.
Do not miss a chance for winning a Starbuck bottle and 2 rewards of Starbuck voucher! Not only earning rewards, you can also save the world by following this campaign #ichosse2019
Have you ever felt no inspiration in your life? Have no goals to achieve and live your dream? No need to push yourself to be better? All of these are the main reasons keeping you behind and being non productive. The way to alter this circumstance in a healthy way is to change the perspective of each person toward their lives. In this mean, those earlier thoughts are needed to be adjusted.
1 Find your favorite hobbies or activities
: Pinterest :
These favorite activities can be varied. For me, dancing and running are the best hobbies that encourage myself to be in shape and eating healthy. It is because of the exhausted exercise, eating junk foods would be guilted for myself. Also, eating can be included in the activity. Favorite foods and snacks can turn your bad day to be a good day. This can activate yourself to find something new to do.
2. Try new lifestyle or activities
: Pinterest :
The reason for your boredom of your life can be the repeated cycle of your lifestyle which has no excitement. This can be solved by seeking new healthy lifestyle that suits yourself. Imagine you have always live your life by being locked in a house, partying more and hanging out with your friends can charge your energy and refresh yourself up. These new activities is the key to inspired your idea of living ,even more.
3. Set goal
After you are inspired by outer factors, goals for your life are required to be set. It can be started by a small goal such as a daily goal. For example, my goal for today is to use stairs rather than elevator or walking rather than driving cars. After you have been achieved your small goal, setting the bigger goal to encourage your behavior to be productive is a fruitful solution to reach the life biggest goal.
: Pinterest :
4. Role model
Inspiration comes from medias and influencer people. In this way, role model such as your favorite actors or influencer help you to drive your life to a better place. The role models paths of life can be the example to motivate you to your success life.
: Urassaya ,Thai actress, graduated university :
All of these advices are the way of how to change your lifestyle from the laziness to be more productive. To be honest, these instructions can not totally alter your life if you do not start to be positive and be open minded. It can be initiate by your desertion to adjust yourself in a better healthy way.
At the end of the day, you are exhausted from all of the activities you have done, you suddenly passed a convenient store. You decided to go inside and buy something to eat. But, it is 9pm already!. One choice left is to eat what is low calories and good for your health.
The convenience store consists of many various styles of products from stationary to kitchen tools. Foods also is the distinct product in convenience store since it is opened for all day all night long – 24 hours. In this article, it points out what to pick in convenient store for not gaining more weights.
Dairy products : Milk and eggs
As all might have known, protein source can totally fulfill your starving. It can energise you for hours and you will not feel hungry for eating other high calories snacks. However, the milk has to be the low-fat one with low sugar written on the label. Also, for eggs, boiled eggs would be the best recommendation. It is because of the non-fried process, which makes boiled eggs to contain low calories too.
2. Fruits
Of course, fruits are the good choice for late nigh snacks with the natural sugars in it. This can substitute your craving for other fats sweets. However, the fruit in convenient store normally has been packed with some substance that it makes the product stay longer. So, in my opinion, buying fresh fruits would be better in a normal unexhausted day.
3. Yogurt
It is really beneficial to eat yogurt after your dinner, even though it is a late night. Yogurt helps your excretory system to be more functional. Also, it is not a high calories products , but high in sugar , depending on which flavours you choose.
4. Low calories snacks
Are there really snacks with low calories exist? I would say yes. Nuts and fish snacks are the best for me when I truly desire for chewing snacks. The choices you have made affects on your intake calories. Almonds and cashew nuts are the best choices of all kind of nuts because it provide calories only around 100-200 per package. It is lower than other snacks. Moreover, this TARO snack, which I strongly recommend , is my all time favourite. It consists of only 80-120 calories per package. But unfortunately, This brand only exist in Thai convenient store.
4. Zero calorie drinks
Obviously, water is zero calorie drink. Nevertheless, there are other drinks that contain also zero calorie. Some sparkling water with flavour and flavoured tea are zero calorie. In Thailand, It is rare to find those drinks with the zero calorie in it. Luckily, I found Dj. Poom drinks which have severals flavoured tea such as peach flavour. It is one of my favourite drinks, beside water, in the convenient store.
Going out with friends would be a concern for those who strict on their healthy diet plans when it comes to lunch or dinner. Some might prepare their own boxes of healthy foods or some skip the meals. These actions are not convenience and can effect badly to your health. Let’s follow some new tips to adjust your day out with friends to be a happy normal day with your friends
1.Always carry a bottle of water
: Pinterest :
It is important for your body to be hydrated all the time. This can decrease your hunger and increase your metabolism. When you want to eat non-healthy foods with your friends, you can change to drink water to fulfil this empty stomach instead. It also can reduce the amount of your fussy eating behaviour.
2. Choose your plate by yourself
: Pinterest :
Choosing restaurant to eat with friends is the most biggest problem in mostly women. You might suggest the restaurant that has variety of menus to your friends. In this way, you would have various choices in your list of healthy foods based on non-fried and low saturated fat foods. You do not need to force your self or your friends to eat the same menu. A la carte is the most suitable for this circumstance.
3. Only trying sweets from your friends
: Pinterest :
It is understandable to not eat the sweets with your friends. But, sitting there doing nothing and watching others put spoons with yummy sweets in their mouth makes you crave sweets for more. Therefore, it is better to try some of it since It is your day off. If you are on a slimmer diet, eating fruits or zero calories is a great choice for not consuming any calories.
4. Keep your activities be active
: Pinterest Harper’s Bazaar :
Shopping is the good example of active activities because moving around is needed. Only eating is unacceptable if you are not use your intake calories. This will pay your result as gaining more weight.
5. Enjoy your atmosphere with your friends
: Pinterest :
Do not overthinking on your diet and foods that much until you forget your objective of meeting your friends. Laughing with your friends, catching up with you friends, chit-chatting about life are the key point to this whole day. Also, be empathy on what others want to eat, not just focus on what you must eat. It’s your day off with your friends!.
All in all, your day off should be spent wisely by taking step back from your daily stricted routine. This include a positive mind as a starter. If you find yourselves being fulfiiled by eating sweets or delicious foods with friends, let yourself have it as a cheat meal once a week for rewarding yourself. However, too much rewarding can be unhealthy too. This cheat meal can boost up your body and mind to follow your healthy diet plan again.
Healthy eating is not that hard if you choose the right suitable kind of foods for your body.
The word ‘HEALTHY LIVING’ can be defined in many ways. But for me, I would say that it is to live for the best version of myself. This version need to include the process of adding in and removing substances to your body : diet, exercise, and daily emotions.
The desire to have a slim body came up since young because I need to be in shape due to my passion in ballet. I remember that my ballet teacher constantly checked my weight twice a week with the scale before class. It was not strict until the period of national or regional competition came. I was told that I was too fat for the dance routine which making the ability to dance decrease. So, I rapidly lose weight in a wrong way. My routine back then was totally sick. I started my day around noon and prepare for practicing with my coach. I ate only a chocolate bar before practice for boosting up. ‘ONLY’ a chocolate bar is not enough!. It does not contain any source of nutritious. I practiced dancing for around 6 hours, 3 hours with my coach and another 3 by myself, because I did solo for the competition. After that, I ate 2 bananas and tomato juice for dinner and that’s it for a day meal. It was miserable. I cannot remember how much that I lose, but I know that I was skinny. Actually, because if my everyday practice, I did not lose that much of my muscle when I did not eat proteins. I was a skinny girl with muscles looking sick and tired.
I lived with that routine for two weeks, before the competition. However, I still keep on my mind that I was too fat and too short for being in the ballet industry. The only thing that I can change to become better is to be skinny. I started to diet since then until now. The difference from the past diet and the present one is the food that I choose to eat. At that time, I was young. I did not know which food is suitable for myself. I ate just what I thought it was good. However, today, I have grown up and acknowledge which type of foods I feel comfortable to digest with. Fish and vegetables is my pick. I change my habit of eating porks to eat less and not eat at all. Also, I drink large reasonable amount of water before breakfast everyday which totally change my body.
: Pinterest :
The change from eating normal to healthy suitable food for myself is quite impact. I do not want to be over credit. But, I feel my skin is more hydrated, tighter, and brighter. Also, my digestive system is in a better condition. My exercise routine is still the same as before, without dancing ballet. I ran on the treadmill or cardio (xhit) exercise swap with some weight training or planking. I think that now my body is in the best term of each period, depend on what my behaviour of eating and exercising at that time.
I know that it is hard to start a healthy way for your new self. Nevertheless, I still suggest to begin with some positive thought in a day. For example, looking in a bright side of your day : what you accomplish or what you develop for your self. In this way, you would feel motivate everyday for your new behaviour of yourself development including new healthy diet.
‘Can I have more 5 minutes?’ , the sentence that has always been heard from the conversation between those sleepyheads and their alarm clocks. But, why do these people want to extend some time for sleeping? Of course, not because there are sleepyheads, there are the reasons behind. It can be from individuals lifestyles which affected by stress, inadequate sleep, and unhealthy diet.
This problem can be reduced by changing and adapting behaviours such as ‘MORNING ROUTINE’. These following informations are tips for spending one day with the new you!
1. Wake up with freshness
: Pinterest :
Having full deep sleep at night would prepare you for a new day. The actual time or routine can help balancing day and night activity. It reminds your body to be active or passive at a certain time. In this way, the body can fully repair itself if you have enough sleep. Teenage (14-17) should sleep from 8-10 hours, while 7-9 hours is needed for adults. Also, there are other tricks for getting to sleep easily such as drinking warm milk before go to bed, avoiding caffeine drinks, and reading books before sleeping.
2. Drinking water
: Pinterest :
Drinking 500 ml. of water right after wake up gives you many benefits. First, it hydrates your body from your fasting during sleeping. Second, drinking water first thing in the morning helps kidneys flushing out toxins from your body. Also, it is claimed that metabolism would increase and may your body eat lesser than usual.
3. Morning Exercise
: Pinterest :
Light exercise increases your heart rate for waking your body to actively start your day. The exercise should be done with stretching before (normal) breakfast or after (light) breakfast. The recommended morning exercise is yoga. You can find the video instruction on YOUTUBE.
Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. You cannot skip breakfast after fasting for 7-10 hours. The recommended menu for breakfast would be based on source of energy : oatmeals and whole grains. Choosing your favourite bowl of breakfast can tone your day mood to become positively enthusiastic.
5. Plan your day!
TEMPLATE for DAILY PLANER : Pinterest :
It seems uneasy and need many steps to finish scheduling your whole day, which most people do not want to do it. However, planning a day is not that hard. It can start with a small step with organizing in your head what important events you MUST do!and other addition activities you WANT to do. Then, ordering the time for doing the MUST thing first, following by the desired events. This can reduce your risk for being late ,which can lead to stress when you cannot deal with the problem.
Hence, the peaceful mind with optimistic thoughts is needed for your day to shape in a good way. Without this positive values, both of your body and mind are still stuck to your old habits. Seeking for motivation to become a better version of yourself is also push you up to do something new, such as this ‘MORNING ROUTINE’.
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